26 February – A fierce fighter, a fiercer loser

Archduchess Maria Amalia was born on February 26, 1746. She was the fourth surviving daughter of Maria Theresa and Francis Stephan.

As there was a remarkable age difference between her and her elder and younger sisters, she grew up somewhat lonely and withdrawn. Unlike her siblings, she developed a great love of animals and enjoyed roaming around in nature.

Amalia bore a strong resemblance to her eldest sister Maria Anna in her lively, curious, and clever character, yet unlike her, she was stubborn, challenging, and strong-willed – traits the Empress looked upon with disfavour. The sisters’ relationships with other family members were similarly full of tension, and for both of them, maternal love was rather limited.

At the age of 21, Amalia fell in love with Prince Charles of Zweibrücken, the heir presumptive of Bavaria and Palatinate. Despite his high position, Maria Theresa and Joseph, the co-ruler, preferred to strengthen political ties with the Bourbons. Despite her fierce opposition, Amalia had to subordinate herself to dynastic politics and accept a marriage bond with Ferdinand, Duke of Parma, whom she detested. However, the harsh pressure from the Empress and Joseph irreversibly spoiled her relationship with them. After becoming Duchess of Parma, Amalia’s behaviour was rather reluctant, almost hostile towards them. Despite the unhappy marriage, she gradually gained new independence, becoming the only daughter, the Empress was not able to dominate.