Philip I of Castile was born on 22 June/July 1478. He was the only heir to the realms of both his parents – the future Emperor Maximilian I and Mary of Burgundy – and grew up in the Burgundian Netherlands, his mother’s homeland. His arranged marriage to Joanna of Castile, daughter of Isabella of Castile […]
Maria of Spain, the daughter of Charles V and Isabella of Portugal was born on 21 June 1528. She married her first cousin, Maximilian II. The couple spent their early married years in Spain, acting as regents during the frequent absences of Charles V and later Maria’s brother, King Philip II. They eventually settled in […]
Archduke Maximilian, later Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico, was executed on 19 June 1867.After a brief term as Viceroy of Lombardy, Maximilian fell out of favour with his elder brother, Emperor Francis Joseph, and was left without any meaningful official role. In this classic position of a sidelined younger brother, he was approached by Mexican […]
Archduke Ferdinand II of Further Austria was born on 14 June 1529. The second son of Emperor Ferdinand I and Anne of Bohemia, he was well educated, considered handsome and good-natured, and entrusted with significant responsibilities in both government and military matters. Unlike his elder brother Maximilian, the future emperor, Ferdinand was his father’s clear […]
Marie-Thérèse-Charlotte of Bourbon, Madame Royale, and Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême, were married on 10 June 1799. Marie-Thérèse-Charlotte was the eldest and only surviving child of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette. After the outbreak of the French Revolution, she shared the tragic fate of her family: the fall of the monarchy, years of humiliation in […]
Emperor Leopold I was born on 9 June 1640. Brilliantly educated and highly musical, he became emperor at the age of sixteen after the death of his father, Ferdinand III. During his reign, Vienna gained a reputation as a centre of Baroque art and music. From his third marriage to Eleonore Magdalena of Neuburg, Leopold […]
Princess Charlotte of Belgium, Empress of Mexico, was born on 7 June 1840. From an early age, she exhibited somewhat fanatical traits, holding herself to excessively high standards of moral conduct and personal dignity. She also developed an exceptional degree of class pride, rare even among the aristocracy. Like a princess from a fairy tale, […]
Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily was born on 6 June 1772. As the second wife of Emperor Francis II/I, she became the last Holy Roman Empress and the first Empress of Austria. Maria Theresa and Francis were double second cousins and shared the same grandparents. This was yet another example of close-kin unions within […]
Archduke Charles of Inner Austria was born on 3 June 1540. As the third son of Emperor Ferdinand I and Anna of Bohemia, he stood far enough from the imperial throne to be considered for dynastic alliances — first by his father, and later by his elder brother, the future Emperor Maximilian II. In retrospect, […]
Archduke Ferdinand of Habsburg-Lorraine was born on the 1st of June 1754. He was the second youngest son of Maria Theresa and Francis Stephen. It is challenging to find clearly distinguished traits in Ferdinand’s character, which seemed rather pale and inexpressive. He was said to be the least promising among the imperial siblings. His elder […]
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